Abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens in patients with urinary tract infections (UTI) after cystoscopy, so as to guide clinical use of antibacterials drugs. METHODS A total of 142 patients with UTI after cystoscopy in hospital from 2012 to 2015 were selected as hospital group, and 218 cases with UTI out of hospital were selected as out-hospital group at the same period. Pathogens and drug susceptibility of midstream urine were tested using automatic bacteria biochemical analyzer, and distribution and drug resistance of pathogens were analyzed by WHONET 5.4 microbial statistical software. RESULTS Totally 142 cases of bacteria were isolated in hospital group, with the majority of 87 strains of gram-negative bacteria, accounting for 61.27%; and 218 cases of bacteria were isolated in out-hospital group, with the majority of 140 strains of gram-negative bacteria, accounting for 64.22%. The highest drug resistance of gram-negative bacteria of hospital group and out-hospital group were both to ampicillin, with the resistant rates of 66.67% and 61.42%. CONCLUSION The main pathogens in patients with urinary tract infection after cystoscopy are Escherichia coli and Enterococcus, and the resistance to quinolones is high. It should be pay more attention for the use of antibacterials drugs in patients with urinary tract infection after cystoscopy.