Abstract: OBJECTIVE To observe the changes of cytokines and erythrocyte immune state of delivery women with cesarean section and puerperal infection,in order to understand the regulation situation of immune and inflammatory state of delivery women with puerperal infection,and provide evidences for the diagnosis and treatment of the patients with infection. METHODS A total of 61 cases of delivery women with cesarean section and puerperal infection in our hospital from Jul. 2013 to Oct. 2015 were selected as observation group, another 61 cases of delivery women with cesarean section and without puerperal infection at the same time were selected as control group,then the cytokines and erythrocyte immune indexes of the two groups were compareds. RESULTS The serum interleukins IL-1β,IL-6,IL-8 and IL-10 of observation group were (3.24±0.40)pg/ml,(11.48±1.45)pg/ml,(13.43±1.60)pg/ml and(25.51±2.50)pg/ml,respectively, which were all higher than those of control group, other cytokines and erythrocyte immune indexes were all lower than those of control group,and the cytokines and erythrocyte immune indexes of observation group with different white blood cell levels had significant differences(P＜0.05). CONCLUSION The cytokines and erythrocyte immune state of delivery women with cesarean section and puerperal infection show relatively worse state,and the state is worse when the infection is more serious,so they should be paid enough monitoring and intervention.