Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the role of bacterial infection in the coronary artery damage in children with Kawasaki disease(KD), so as to provide the scientific reference for the diagnosis and treatment of KD. METHODS A total of 200 KD children were chosen randomly in hospital from Mar. 2013 to Mar. 2015. The situation of blood culture and coronary artery damage was analyzed retrospectively, and the relationship of bacterial infection and coronary artery damage were observed. SPSS 21.0 was used for data analysis. RESULTS A total of 23 cases were positive among the 200 blood samples, and the positive rate was 11.50%. A total of 27 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated, mainly gram-negative bacteria, 16 strains, accounting for 69.57%. There were 15 cases(accounted for 65.22%) of coronary artery injury in 23 cases of bacterial culture positive children, and 69 cases(accounted for 38.98%) in 177 cases of bacterial culture negative children. The rate of coronary artery injury in the positive was significantly higher than that in the negative (P＜0.05). CONCLUSION Bacterial infection may be associated with the occurrence of KD, which can increase the incidence of coronary artery damage, and we should take more prevention measures on older children to avoid KD.