Abstract: OBJECTIVE To analyze the clinical factors of the infections in the patients with rectal cancer after laparoscopic radical resection, and to explore the nursing intervention measures, so as to provide reference for clinic. METHODS The clinical data of 571 patients with rectal cancer who were treated by laparoscopic radical operation in our hospital from Apr. 2010 to Apr. 2015 had been given a retrospective analysis and the relative factors causing infection were analyzed, using SPSS 18.0 to analyze. RESULTS Among the 571 patients, there were 62 cases of nosocomial infections, with infection rate of 10.9%. Multivariate regression analysis showed that body mass index, the operation time, the time of gastrointestinal function recovery, the hospitalization time and diabetes were independent risk factors for postoperative nosocomial infections in patients with rectal cancer (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The incidence of infection in patients with rectal cancer after laparoscopic radical resections is high, which is related to the physical condition and operation. Considering the risk factors of nosocomial infections, improving the preparation of operation, regulating the intraoperative operating and implementing the postoperation management are the premises to reduce the risk of nosocomial infections and the important protection to improve medical quality and improve prognosis.