Abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical status of application of anti-infective medication in newborns in emergency department of maternal and child hospital, and make relevant control measures to provide some guidance for rational drug use. METHODS A total of 1130 cases of neonatal patients received treatment in emergency department of maternal and child hospital from Aug. 2013 to Jul. 2015 were selected. The anti-infective drug use and the incidence of adverse reactions were retrospectively analyzed. The data were analyzed by SPSS 16.0. RESULTS Totally 667 cases of neonatal patients in 1130 cases of emergency patients used the anti-infective drugs, with the usage rate of 59.0%. The highest usage rate among the drugs was cefaclor, followed by ceftriaxone and amoxicillin. A total of 74 cases occurred adverse events in 667 cases using anti-infective drugs, with the adverse reactions rate of 11.1%. This study found that there were many unreasonable applications of anti-infective drugs in emergency department, and it should be paid more attention. CONCLUSION It needs to strengthen the administrative intervention of anti-infective drugs in emergency department of maternal and child hospital, improve clinical control, and prevent the abuse of anti-infective drugs.