Abstract: OBJECTIVE To analyze the postoperative incision infection in patients with gastrointestinal cancer related risk factors, and to explore the clinical preventive measures, and to provide a basis for reducing the rate of infection in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. METHODS The clinical data of 624 cases of gastrointestinal cancer patients admitted in the hospital from Apr. 2013 to Mar. 2015 were analyzed. By calculating postoperative incision infection rate, relevant factors affecting postoperative incision infection was analyzed. The results were statistically analyzed by software SPSS13.0. RESULTS Among the 624 cases of hospital infections in patients with gastrointestinal cancer, there were 67 cases of postoperative incision infections with an infections rate of 10.74%. A total of 85 pathogens were isolated, including 61 strains of gram-negative bacteria accounting for 71.76%. Multivariate logistic unconditional regression showed patients aged more than 60 years, malignant tumor, Ⅱ, Ⅲ incision, operating time >2 h, hospitalization time >30 d and no preventive medication were the independent risk factors incision infections in gastrointestinal cancer patients after surgery (P<0.05). CONCLUSION There are many incision infection factors in clinical gastrointestinal cancer patients after surgery, and targeted clinical care should be given to risk factors to effectively reduce clinical infections.