Abstract: OBJECTIVE To analyze the related factors in patients with hepatobiliary surgery incision infection, and put forward positive solution strategies to minimize the hepatobiliary surgery patients the incidence of incision infection. METHODS A total of 126 cases of hepatobiliary surgery patients undergoing surgery in the hospital were selected as the research subjects from Mar. 2012 to Mar. 2015. Related factors of incision infection after operation were analyzed. The results were statistically analyzed by software SPSS18.0. RESULTS Among the 126 cases of hepatobiliary surgery surgical patients, 11 patients were inflicted with postoperative incision infection with an infection rate of 8.73%, and 23 pathogens, were detected with main gram-negative bacteria accounting for 52.17%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that surgery time, types of incision, intraoperative blood loss, use of antibiotics and drainage tube indwelling situation were the independent risk factors for patients with hepatobiliary surgical incision infection (P<0.05). CONCLUSION There are many factors related to incision infection after hepatobiliary surgery. Health care workers should be concerned about the impact of both patients and the surgical procedures in order to reduce the incidence of incision infection and to improve the therapeutic effect.