Abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and drug resistance of lung cancer patients complicated with pulmonary infection under palliative care, so as to provide the reference for rational drug use in hospital. METHODS A total of 106 lung cancer patients complicated with pulmonary infection during palliative care in our hospital medical oncology from Jun. 2014 to Jul. 2015 were selected, whose sputum samples were collected, cultured, detected and got drug sensitive test to give the distribution characteristics and types of pathogenic bacteria analysis. SPSS 17.0 was used for statistic analysis. RESULTS A total of 174 strains of pathogenic bacteria were found from 106 cases of samples, mainly 102 strains of gram-negative bacteria, accounting for 58.62%. The drug resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli to imipenem were low, all less than 20.00%. The drug resistant rates of main gram-positive bacteria to vancomycin were 0. The drug resistant rates of main fungi to ketoconazole were 0. CONCLUSION The main pathogenic bacteria of lung cancer patients complicated with pulmonary infection under palliative care is gram-negative bacteria, which should be given more attention on the detection and its drug resistance. We also need to establish a perfect disinfection sterilization mechanism on the basis of symptomatic treatment, and cultivate consciousness of sterile operation in medical heat source. On the other hand, we should use antimicrobial drugs rationally, which could improve the patient's infection status and reduce the drug-resistant bacteria.