Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the correlation of measles children' serum cytokines, soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) and the disease severity, and to provide references for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of measles. METHODS A total of 136 cases in hospital diagnosed and treated as measles from Jan 2012 to Oct 2015 were selected as the research objects (measles group), and 50 cases of clinic healthy children in the same period were selected as control objects (control group), and the correlation indicators of two groups were compared. The results were analyzed by software SPSS 19.0. RESULTS The interleukin(IL-4), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), C-creative protein (CRP), sIL-2R of measles group were (43.22±9.78)ng/L,(113.77±24.71)ng/L,(13.59±4.17)ng/L, and (553.67±142.81)U/ml,higher than those of control group, which were (11.05±3.88)ng/L, (55.32±13.40)ng/L,(5.32±2.15)ng/L, and (143.32±68.95)U/ml,while interferon gamma (IFN-γ) of the measles group was (81.15±7.92)ng/L less than that of control group, which was (110.92±20.41)ng/L. The differences were significant (P<0.05). CONCLUSION When children with measles rise the following indicators: IL-4, TNF-α, CRP, sIL-2R, and IFN-γis reduced, it prompts immunosuppression. If pneumonia and liver function damage happens, changes are more obvious.