Abstract: OBJECTIVE To study the cost and prognosis of hospital acquired pneumonia (HAP) by multiple drug-resistant organisms (MDROs) and non-multiple drug-resistant organisms (non-MDROs), so as to improve the management of hospital infections. METHODS A total of 349 cases of patients with HAP in 7 3-grade hospitals in Guangxi from Apr. 1st to Oct. 31st in 2013 were collected, and divided into MDROs group (n=162) and non-MDROs group (n=187), according to pathogenic bacteria types. The cost, duration of hospitalization and prognosis of patients of the two groups were compared. The data were analyzed by SPSS 16.0. RESULTS Compared with non-MDROs group, MDROs group had higher cost of hospitalization (increased by 33090.26 yuan, 137.43%), longer duration of hospitalization (increased by 9.43 days), and higher death rate(increased by 6.79%) (P＜0.05). CONCLUSION MDROs cause higher cost and worse prognosis than non-MDROs, we should rational use antibiotics properly and strengthen the management of hospital acquired infection, and we must put into effect of the strategies of prevention and control of the hospital acquired infection.