Abstract: OBJECTIVE To observe and analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) complicated with postoperative pancreatic infection, so as to provide objective evidence for clinical treatment. METHODS A total of 100 cases of patients with SAP treated with surgical drainage and complicated with postoperative pancreatic infection from Jan. of 2012 to Dec. of 2013 were selected as the research objects. The distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in the abdominal cavity drainage of the patients were detected and compared. Dat were analyzed by WHONET 5.4. RESULTS A total of 321 strains of pathogens were isolated, mainly gram negative bacteria and the distribution rates were 78.2%. 22 strains and 13 strains producing extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were detected. The overall detection rate of ESBLs producing strains was 10.9%. Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa had low resistant rates to polymyxin B, both 0. In gram positive bacteria, Enterococcus faecium and Staphylococcus aureus had low resistant rates to teicoplanin, vancomycin and linezolid, all in 0. CONCLUSION The distribution and the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in postoperative pancreatic infection of patients with SAP has some characteristics. The clinicians should try to choose the sensitivity antimicrobial drugs for treatment in order to improve the therapeutic effects and the prognosis of patients.