Abstract: OBJECTIVE To analyze immune cell level feature in chronic HBV infection patients and the changes of immune cells after treating with entecavir and to provide basis for clinical treatment. METHODS A total of 56 cases of chronic HBV patients treated in our hospital were selected as observation group, and 15 healthy volunteers were selected as control group. All patients with chronic HBV infection were given entecavir by oral administration, and IFN-γ and IL-10 levels before the treatment and after treating for 3, 6, 9 and 12 months were all detected by ELISA serum cytokines. The results were statistically analyzed by software SPSS13.0. RESULTS Compared with before treatment, the complete response of IFN-γ levels rose and IL-10 levels of patients in HBeAg positive group gradually reduced; the highest level of IFN-γ/IL-10 of patients with partial response after nine months treatment was 0.66±0.17 which was still lower than that of control group, but it had significant difference compared with before treatment (P＜0.05); The level of IL-10 of the HBeAg-negative patients was continuously reduced after the treatment, the IFN-γ/IL-10 was continuously elevated; the IFN-γ/IL-10 reached the highest level (0.54±0.19) after the treamtnet for 9 months, while there was significant difference between the observation group and the control group before the treatment (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The levels of IFN-γ rise and IL-10 reduce in chronic HBV patients, which may have some relation to chronicity of HBV infection. Entecavir for cellular immune response in patients with chronic HBV has a certain recovery.