Abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens in patients with intra-abdominal infections after surgery in the department of general surgery, so as to guide the clinical rational use of antibiotics. METHODS A total of 142 patients with intra-abdominal infections after surgery from May 2012 to May 2015 in our hospital were retrospectively collected, and the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens were analyzed. The data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0. RESULTS A total of 204 strains of pathogens were isolated in 142 patients with intra-abdominal infections after surgery, and mainly was gram-negative bacteria, accounting for 121 strains (59.3%). The drug resistance rate of Acinetobacter baumanii to imipenem was 46.2% and almost completely resistant to aztreonam. Totally 125 patients were cured after s series of treatment, with the cure rate of 88.0%. CONCLUSION The proportion of gram-negative bacteria was higher than that of gram-positive bacteria in patients who suffer from abdominal infection after surgery, and they all had a higher proportion of multiple drug resistance. Accompany the changing of pathogens' distribution and drug resistance, it is an important method to treat the infection according to the results of drug sensitive test.