Abstract: OBJECTIVE To analyze bacterial culture results of sputum from lung transplant recipients and drug sensitivity test results, so as to provide the basis for the proper use of antibiotics in clinic. METHODS A total of 96 cases were selected, who had lung transplant surgery in the hospital from Mar. 2013-Mar. 201. Sputum from patients was cultured for pathogen detection by automatic analysis instrument VITEK-32 and K-B method was used for drug resistant test. SPSS 17.0 was used to give statistic analysis. RESULTS From the 96 cases of lung transplant recipients sputum samples, 110 strains of pathogens were isolated, in which gram-negative bacteria accounted for the most, more than 55%, mainly Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Gram-positive bacteria were accounted for 33.64%, mainly Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Fungi were accounted for 11.00%, mainly Aspergillus and Candida albicans. Drug resistant rates of S. maltophilia, P. aeruginosa and E. coli to imipenem/ cilastatin were low, less than 26.00% averagely. Drug resistant rates of S. haemolyticus and S. epidermidis to vancomycin were low, less than 20.00% averagely, and Aspergillus and C. albicans to fluconazole and itraconazole were low, less than 26.00% in average. CONCLUSION The rational use of antimicrobial agents in clinical needs to be based on drug sensitivity results in order to achieve the dual role of effective anti infection and drug resistance reduction, so as to improve the survival rate of lung transplant recipients and organs.