Abstract: OBJECTIVE To analyze the nosocomial infection pathogens and drug resistance in patients with allogeneic renal transplantation（renal transplantation）. METHODS The infection status and pathogen distribution of renal transplantation patients were collected from Oct. 2012 to Oct. 2018 through the retrieval of electronic medical records and the hospital infection monitoring platform. And the drug resistance situation of the major pathogens was evaluated. RESULTS 77 renal donors were tested for pathogens, of which 16 donors were confirmed to be positive（16/77, 20.78%）. The nosocomial infection rate of donor-positive renal transplantation patients was 18.75%（3/16）. The infection sites were gastrointestinal system（31.11%）, lower respiratory tract（30.37%）, and urinary tract（20.00%）. A total of 200 strains of pathogens were isolated and cultured, among which 86 strains of gram-negative bacteria accounted for 43.00%,dominating by Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, and resistance rate to various antibiotics such as penicillins, cephalosporins, monoamide rings, quinolones, etc.was over 50%; 22 strains of gram-positive bacteria accounted for 11.00%, dominating by Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecium, and resistance rate to both penicillin and erythromycin were 100%. resistance rate to teicoplanin and compound sulfamethoxazole were less than 15%. The resistance rate of E. faecium to penicillin, ampicillin and erythromycin were 100%, and no S. aureus and E. faecium resistant to vancomycin and linezolid were detected; 92 stains of fungi accounted for 46.00%, mainly dominating by Candida glabrata and C. albicans, with high sensitivity to common antifungal drugs. CONCLUSIONS The main pathogens of nosocomial infection in renal transplant patients were C. glabrata and Escherichia coli. Some of the pathogens are highly resistant, and the detection rate of multi-drug resistant organisms was high. Clinicians should be rationally administered according to the drug sensitivity and pay attention to donor infections.