Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the diagnostic value of screening cord blood inflammation factors for early neonatal bacterial infection. METHODS A prospective nested case-control study was conducted. A 45 full-term neonates with premature rupture of membranes（PROM） and 45 normal controls who were delivered in obstetric hospital from 2014 to 2015 were selected as study subjects and divided into infection group（13 cases） and non-infection group（77 cases） according to the infection outcomes. Inflammatory factors such as TREM-1（triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1）, Human immunoglobulin G Fc receptor Ⅰ（FcγRⅠ/CD64）, TLR4（Toll-like receptor-4） and CD14（Lipopolysaccharide receptor） on the surface of cord blood mononuclear cells（MONO） and polymorphonuclear neutrophils（PMN） in each group were screened. The difference between two groups were compared and diagnostic value of each parameters were evaluated. RESULTS The levels of TREM-1 and CD64 on the surface of PMN and MONO in infected group were（ 10.26±3.07） ng/ml,（6.17±0.82） MFI,（7.99±1.28） ng/ml, and（1.81±0.13） MFI respectively, significantly higher than those in non-infected group（P＜0.05）, and CD14 on the surface of MONO was（129.38±57.96） MFI, respectively, significantly lower than that in non-infected group（P＜0.05）. Logistic regression analysis screened five inflammatory factors of cord blood, including MONO-TREM-1, PMN-TREM-1, MONO-CD64, PMN-CD64 and MONO-CD14. ROC curve showed that AUC of these factors was 0.799, 0.724, 0.839, 0.886 and 0.673, respectively. CONCLUSION Screening inflammatory factors in cord blood such as TREM-1, CD64 and CD14 would be helpful for the diagnosis of early neonatal bacterial infection, which is worthy of further research and application. CD64 has the highest diagnostic value.