Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the correlation between coagulation parameters and serum inflammatory factors of the lung cancer and pulmonary infection patients so as to provide theoretical bases for clinical treatment of the patients with lung cancer and pulmonary infections. METHODS A total of 104 patients with lung cancer and pulmonary infections who were treated in the hospital from Mar 2012 to Aug 2015 were enrolled in the study and divided into the pulmonary infection group with 56 cases and the lung cancer group with 48 cases according to the pathological findings, meanwhile, 55 healthy people who underwent the physical examination were chosen as the control group. The coagulation parameters and levels of serum inflammatory factors were observed and compared among the three groups of participants. RESULTS The prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, D- dimer, fibrinogen, white blood cells, and monocytes were significantly higher in the pulmonary infection group and the lung cancer group than in the control group. The platelet volume distribution width and mean platelet volume were significantly lower in the pulmonary infection group and the lung cancer group than in the control group (P<0.05). The levels of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor of the control group were significantly lower than those of the pulmonary infection group and the lung cancer group (P<0.05). The interleukin-6 level of the three groups of participants showed linear positive correlation with the monocytes, while the IL-6 level showed linear negative correlation with the prothrombin time. CONCLUSION The patients with lung cancer and pulmonary infections have coagulopathy and inflammations, and the serum inflammatory factors are associated with the coagulation parameters.