Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing postoperative abdominal infections in pancreatic cancer patients undergoing radical resection so as to provide guidance for clinical treatment. METHODS The clinical data of 318 pancreatic cancer patients who underwent the radical resection in PLA General Hospital from Jan 2009 to Dec 2013 were retrospectively analyzed, the etiological characteristics of the postoperative abdominal infections and drug resistance were observed, and the statistical analysis was performed with the use of SPSS 13.0 software. RESULTS A total of 42 patients had the postoperative abdominal infections with the infection rate of 13.2%.Totally 76 strains of pathogens were isolated from drainage fluid, of which 57.9% were gram-negative bacteria, 35.5% were gram-positive bacteria, and 6.6% were fungi.The drug resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae to imipenem were 7.7%, 0, and 8.3%, respectively.The drug resistance rates of Enterococcus faecium to teicoplanin and vancomycin were 9.1% and 9.1%, respectively; the drug resistance rates of Staphylococcus aureus to teicoplanin and vancomycin were 10.0% and 0, respectively. Candida albicans was susceptible to fluconazole and voriconazole. CONCLUSION The postoperative abdominal infection is a common complication in the pancreatic cancer patients undergoing the radical resection.It is an effective way to reduce the intraoperative contamination and conduct the postoperative drainage so as to prevent the infections and is the key for the treatment to reasonably use antibiotics based on the results of culture of drainage fluid.