Abstract: OBJECTIVE To observe the curative effect of He-Ne laser chest physiotherapy on renal transplant patients with severe pneumonia so as to provide guidance for treatment of severe pneumonia. METHODS A total of 42 renal transplant patients complicated with severe pulmonary infections were enrolled in the study and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group, with 21 cases in each. The control group was treated with early broad-spectrum drug therapy combined with antifungal drug therapy, the patients with confirmed viral infections were treated with antiviral drugs based on results of etiological tests; the observation group was treated with additional He-Ne laser treatment instrument on the basis of the comprehensive treatment of the control group. The sputum culture, drug susceptibility testing, detection of cytomegalovirus DNA in blood, and rapid culture of cytomegalovirus in urine were carried out for the two groups of patients before the treatment. The body temperature, white blood cell counts, oxygenation indexes, and clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS) were observed and compared between the two groups of patients after the treatment for 10 days. RESULTS Totally 25 strains of pathogens were isolated from 19 patients in the observation group, and 24 strains of pathogens were isolated from 20 patients in the control group; the gram-negative bacteria and cytomegalovirus were dominant among the pathogens causing the infections in the two groups of patients. The results of drug susceptibility testing showed that the drug resistance rate of the gram-negative bacteria to cefoperazone-sulbactam was the lowest, the gram-positive bacteria were the most susceptible to vancomycin, and the fungi were the most susceptible to fluconazole. The body temperature, white blood cell counts, oxygenation indexes, and CPIS were improved more significantly in the observation group than in the control group after the treatment for 10 days (P<0.05). The total effective rate of the observation group was 90.5%, significantly higher than 61.9% of the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The He-Ne laser chest physiotherapy can improve the illness condition of the renal transplant patients complicated with severe pneumonia and boost the clinical curative effect.