Abstract: OBJECTIVE To understand the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing nosocomial infections in cancer patients so as to provide guidance for clinical control and treatment of the nosocomial infections. METHODS From Jan 1, 2012 to Dec 31, 2014, a total of 1 202 strains of pathogens were isolated from the submitted specimens that were obtained from the patients with confirmed nosocomial infections, then the pathogens were identified by using ATB Expression bacterial identification system of BioMérieux, France, the drug susceptibility testing was carried out, and the statistical analysis was performed with the use of WHONET 5.6 software. RESULTS Among the isolated pathogens, there were 791 (65.8%) strains of gram-negative bacteria, 236 (19.6%) strains of gram-positive bacteria, and 175 (14.6%) strains of fungi. The drug resistance rates of the Escherichia coli to penicillins, cephalosporins, quinolones, and aminoglycosides were respectively more than 90.0%, 70.0%, 60.0%, and 50.0% in the three years; the drug resistance rate of the Klebsiella pneumoniae to penicillins was the highest; the drug resistance rates of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ampicillin, piperacillin, piperacillin-tapazole, cefoperazone-sulbactam, aztreonam, and cefazolin were increased rapidly and reached more than 80.0% in 2014; the drug resistance rate of the Candida albicans was decreased year by year, while the drug resistance rate to flucytosine was the lowest. The isolation rate of the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus varied from 23.3% to 33.3%, and the isolation rate of the coagulase-negative Staphylococcus ranged from 86.4% to 87.5%. CONCLUSION The drug resistance of the pathogens causing the nosocomial infections is increasingly serious. It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance and reasonably use antibiotics based on the result of the drug susceptibility testing.