Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore sensitivity and specificity of detection of serum specific antibody for children with acute lower respiratory Boka virus（HBoV）infection,so as to provide the basis for diagnosis of acute HBov infection in children.METHODS A total of 140 patients of children with acute lower respiratory HBoV infection disease from Jul.2010 to Dec.2015 in our hospital were selected,and another 50 cases of healthy volunteers were also selected.The serum specific antibody and sputum test results for all subjects were compared.RESULTS The positive rate of serum detection was 52.6%,which was higher than 44.74% of the sputum detection.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of the serum detection were significantly higher than those of the sputum detection（P＜0.05）.The ratios of wheezing,cough,fever and nasal congestion and runny nose in positive patients of the serum detection were significantly higher than those of the sputum detection（P＜0.05）.The percentage of clinical diagnosis of bronchial pneumonia of the serum detection was higher than that of the sputum detection（P＜0.05）;and the constituent ratios of Boca viruses,mycoplasma,syncytial virus and rhinovirus of the serum detection and sputum detection had no significance.CONCLUSION Serum specific detection of HBoV infection in children with acute lower respiratory tract infection has a high sensitivity and specificity,and the coincidence degree of the detection results with clinical manifestations and clinical diagnosis is very high.