Abstract: OBJECTIVE To discuss and study on the changes of human papilloma virus(HPV)infection, vaginal flora and inflammatory factors in patients with cervical cancer, so as to provide scientific reference for the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer. METHODS A total of 50 cases of patients with cervical cancer (cervical cancer group) and 50 cases of patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)(CIN group) were selected, who had diagnosis and treatment in the hospital from Jun. 2012 to Oct. 2015. The collection of cervical and vaginal secretions was detected for the level of HPV, vaginal flora, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-4 (IL-4), 6 (IL-6) and 10 (IL-10). RESULTS HPV infection rate in cervical cancer group was 96.00%, CIN group 84.00%. HPV16 and 18 infection rates were 68.00% and 60.00% in cervical cancer group, which were significantly higher than those in CIN group 42.00% and 34.00% (P<0.05). The pathogene infection rates were 94.00% in cervical cancer group and 92.00% in CIN group, and there was no significant difference between the two groups. The infection rates of Trichomonas, Candida, bacteria, Mycoplasma and Chlamydia were 24.00%, 32.00%, 52.00%, 42.00% and 40.00% in cervical cancer group, which were significantly higher than the CIN group 8.00%, 14.00%, 30.00%, 22.00% and 20.00% (P<0.05). The levels of TNF-α,IL-4,IL-6 and IL-10 in cervical cancer group were significantly higher than those in CIN group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Patients with cervical cancer has high HPV infection rate, mainly caused by multiple infection of HPV16 and 18, with