Abstract: OBJECTIVE To research the infection of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) patients with different degrees of pulmonary function injury, change of TNF-α and the effect of moxifloxacin, so as to provide reference for the prevention of infection in patients with AECOPD. METHODS A total of 140 cases of AECOPD patients admitted to our hospital from Jan. 2015 to Nov. 2015 were selected as the research objects, whose sputum were collected and got analyzed for the distribution of pathogenic bacteria. Then according to the order of admission, they were divided into the observation group and the control group, each group 70 cases. The control group was given routine treatment like bronchodilators, glucocorticoid and anti-infective therapy. On this basis, the observation group was given moxifloxacin treatment. The levels of IL-8 and TNF-α between the two groups were compared and the clinical efficacy, bacterial clearance rate and incidence of adverse reactions of the two groups were under comparison as well. RESULTS A total of 129 strains of pathogens were isolated from the sputum of patients with AECOPD, among which gram-negative bacteria 65.11%, gram-positive bacteria 27.91%, and fungi 6.98%; The level of IL-8 and TNF-α increased continually as the severe condition of lung function in two groups, which decreased in certain way after treatment but observation group decreased much more than control group (P<0.05). The total efficacy rate, bacterial clearance rate, FEV1 increasing rate and improving of difficult breathing were all significantly higher than control group (P<0.05); And incidence of adverse reactions of the two groups had no significant different. CONCLUSION The pathogenic bacteria distribution of AECOPDCD25mm patients are mainly gram negative bacilli and gram positive bacteria, and the IL-8 and TNF- levels increase with the severity of lung injury. Moxifloxacin combined with routine treatment can significantly improve the clinical curative effect and bacteria clearance rate.