Abstract: OBJECTIVE To evaluate the neonatal Staphylococcus aureus clinical characteristics of acute osteomyelitis,and to summarize the experience of diagnosis and treatment. METHODS A retrospective analysis of clinical Anhui Children's Hospital Neonatal Critical Care Medicine 14 cases of acute osteomyelitis caused by S.aureus imaging findings, treatment and prognosis were carried out. RESULTS In the 14 cases of children,there were 8 cases of MSSA and 6 cases of MRSA,including 9 males and 5 females, aged 6 days -28 days, length of stay 28 days -45 days,14 cases with irritability or poor spirit, refusing milk,7 cases with fever,12 cases with limb refused to move,11 cases with local swelling,and there were more than 85% of children who had multiple performances.The white blood cell count was (3.1~42.38)×10⁹ / L,and the CRP, PCT, ESR increased significantly.9 cases MRI examinations showed formation of subperiosteal abscesses or bone marrow cavity, be washed after incision and drainage lines attract.5 cases did not form an abscess.A total of 14 cases of children with 9 cases who were cured,2 cases involving the hip joint,necrosis of the femoral head,2 cases involving the metaphyseal, limb shortening or angular deformity occurs,and the other 1 case who occured septic shock,leading to death. CONCLUSION Despite acute osteomyelitis caused by S.aureus neonatal is rare,but clinical suspicion of S.aureus infection empiric intravenous antibiotics as soon as possible,including vancomycin and the necessary surgery. If missed the best treatment time, might be left serious sequelae.