Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the risk factors of virus infection in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in hospital, so as to provide the basis for the prevention and treatment of the virus infection. METHODS A total of 150 cases with AECOPD who were treated in respiratory medicine from Jan.2011 to Dec. 2014 were recruited as the study objects, virus were detected by taking ELISA technology, and the risk factors of viral infection in patients were analyzed. RESULTS Of 150 patients with virus detection, 52 cases were positive with virus detection result, and the positive rate was 34.67%. The single virus infection was mainly with the proportion of 73.08%, and the detection rate of the hRV was the highest with the proportion of 23.68%. Respiratory disorders, diabetes and asthma were related factors of infection, and the differences were significant(P<0.05). Respiratory disorder, diabetes and asthma were the main factors for causing virus infection in AECOPD patients, and the differences were significant (P<0.05). The diastolic blood pressure in virus infected patients was significantly higher than the uninfected patients (P=0.02, P<0.05), and the differences of the clinical indicators were not significant, such as other respiratory condition, blood routine examination and routine assay. CONCLUSION hRV was the main infection virus in patients with AECOPD, it was important to control the blood sugar to reduce the risk factors of virus infection, and it was clear that the virus vaccine could reduce greatly the deterioration of virus infections. The risk factors analysis of virus infection in patients with AECOPD had an important guiding significance to the clinical management, prevention and treatment of AECOPD disease.