Abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate the changes of CD64 neutrophil infection index and procalcitonin (PCT) levels in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and acute exacerbation (AECOPD) cells infection, and the clinical values of CD64 infection index and PCT detection in AECOPD bacterial infection. METHODS A total of 132 cases of AECOPD patients in the hospital from Oct. 2013 to Oct. 2015 were selected. The hospital infection rate, infection pathogen distribution, changes of CD64 infection index and PCT before and after the treatment of patients were analyzed. RESULTS Totally 76 cases of patients occurred nosocomial infections in 132 cases of AECOPD patients, and the infection rate was 57.58%. Totally 76 strains of pathogens were isolated, including 54 strains of gram-negative bacteria, accounting for 71.05%, and 22 strains of gram-positive bacteria, accounting for 28.95%. The CD64 infection index and PCT level of patients after treatment were significantly lower than those of before treatment (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Serum CD64 and PCT detection is sensitive indicator to determine whether a bacterial infection in patients with AECOPD, and it provides not only the basis for diagnosis and identification of AECOPD bacterial infection, but also clinical guidance for the treatment and prognosis of patients.