Abstract: OBJECTIVE To analyze and understand the epidemiological characteristics of human Bocavirus (HBoV) in children with severe acute respiratory infection in Wuhan, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention of HBoV infection. METHODS A total of 756 cases of hospitalized children with acute respiratory infection in the hospital were selected as research subjects from Feb. 2014 to Jan. 2015. The nasopharyngeal secretions of children were collected, the HBoV, A-type influenza virus (IFVA), B-type influenza virus (IFVB), parainfluenza virus 1 ~ 3 (PIV1~3), mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP), and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) were detected by fluorescent PCR. RESULTS There were 56 cases of HBoV infection in 756 cases of hospitalized children with acute respiratory infections , with the infection rate of 7.41%. The HBoV infection rates in summer and autumn were significantly higher than those in spring and winter (P<0.05). The HBoV infection rates were inconsistent in children of different ages, there were significant differences between the various age groups, the HBoV infection rates of more than 0.5 to 1 year and more than 1-3 year-old children were significantly higher those of other age groups. There were 12 cases of HBoV mixed infection with other pathogens in 56 cases of HBoV positive patients, mixed infection rate was 21.43%, and the top three mixed infections were HBoV + RSV, HBoV + PIV-3, and HBoV + MP. CONCLUSION HBoV is one of the main pathogens in Wuhan in children with severe lower respiratory tract infection, such viral infection can occur throughout the year, and has high infection rate in summer and autumn, and in children of the six months to 3 years old, and can easy to occur mixed infection with other pathogens.