Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of root cause analysis method in the control of intracranial infection caused by intracranial surgery,so as to provide references for the application of hospital infection management tools.METHODS Data of patients with intracranial infection from Jan.to Sep.2014 were investigated and analyzed by root cause analysis method,and then some measures such as the monitoring mechanism of the operation process of the perioperative period,the cleaning and disinfection of the surgical instruments,and the strengthening of the training of the medical staff were taken.The improvement effects were evaluated in Nov.2014-Jul.2015,and the incidence of intracranial infection after intracranial surgery,the qualified rate of cleaning instruments and the standardization of the surgical aseptic operation of neurosurgery were compared before and after the implementation of root cause analysis method.RESULTS After the application of the root cause analysis method,the qualified rate of cleaning instruments and the standardization of the surgical aseptic operation were higher than before,and the difference was significant（P＜0.05）.The incidence of intracranial infection after intracranial surgery had reduced from 2.67%to 0,and the difference was significant（P＜0.05）.CONCLUSION The application of the root cause analysis method can find the root cause of the incident systematically and directly,and then taking the corresponding improvement measures can effectively reduce the incidence of intracranial infections after intracranial surgery.