Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the incidence of occupational exposure among health care workers of operating rooms and analyze the influencing factors so as to take effective protective measures.METHODS By means of retrospective survey,the incidence of occupational exposure among 57 health care workers of operating rooms and the influencing factors were investigated and analyzed in 4consecutive years from Jan 2012 to Dec 2015.RESULTS Among the health care workers who had the occupational exposure,the surgeons accounted for 52.63%,the nurses accounted for 42.11%,and the anesthesiologists accounted for 5.26%.The sharp instrument injury was dominant among the occupational exposure mode,accounting for 92.98%.The HBV ranked the first place among the occupational exposure blood-borne pathogen,accounting for 73.68%.The intraoperative suture ranked the first place among the associated procedures,accounting for 54.39%.The hand was the major exposed site,accounting for91.23%.The tracking follow-up was conducted for the 57 health care workers who had the occupational exposure for 3-6months,and the result showed that the pathogenic factor-related infection did not occur.CONCLUSION The incidence of occupational exposure is high among the health care workers of operating rooms,and the standard prevention needs to be strengthened.It is necessary to make the operating room occupational safety education system and training sound,promote the ability of prevention of occupational hazard,and correct behavioral habits so as to reduce the hazards induced by the occupational exposures in the operating room health care workers.