Abstract: OBJECTIVE To observe the levels and diagnostic values of serum TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand（TRAIL）C reactive protein（CRP）in patients with acute viral infection.METHODS Patients with acute viral infection in the hospital from Jan.2013 to Apr.2016 were selected,and were divided into three groups:acute viral infection group（51cases）,acute bacterial infection group（52cases）,and healthy control group（51cases）.Serum TRAIL levels were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）,and serum C reactive protein（CRP）were determined with BN II automatic protein analyzer.RESULTS The levels of serum TRAIL and CRP were significantly different in different groups（P＜0.05）.Compared with control group and acute bacterial infection group,the level of TRAIL was higher in acute viral infection group（P＜0.05）.The level of CRP was lower in bacterial infection group than that in acute viral infection group,but higher than that in control group（P＜0.05）.The area under curve（AUC）,sensitivity and specificity of TRAIL and CRP were 0.759 and 0.744,76.0%and 70.0%,76.5% and 88.2%,respectively.When combination detection of TRAIL and CRP,the sensitivity and specificity were increased to 78.0% and 92.2%.CONCLUSION High levels of serum TRAIL are valuable in the diagnosis of acute viral infection,and combination detection of TRAIL and CRP can improve the diagnostic efficiency of acute viral infection.