Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the changes of infection markers such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in children with bronchial pneumonia and analyze the clinical significance so as to provide guidance for clinical treatment. METHODS A total of 166 children with bronchial pneumonia who were treated in hospitals from Dec 2014 to Jan 2016 were enrolled in the study and divided into the severe bronchial pneumonia group with 83 cases and the mild bronchial pneumonia group with 83 cases; meanwhile, 83 healthy children who received the physical examination in pediatrics outpatient department were chosen as the control group.The levels of serum IL-6, IL-8, and CRP were detected and compared among the three groups of children. RESULTS The levels of serum IL-6, IL-8, and CRP were significantly higher in the severe group and the mild group than in the control group before the treatment(P＜0.05).The levels of serum IL-6, IL-8, and CRP were significantly higher in the severe group than in the mild group before the treatment(P＜0.05).The levels of serum IL-6, IL-8, and CRP of the severe group and the mild group were significantly lower after the treatment than before the treatment(P＜0.05). CONCLUSION The detection of the IL-6, IL-8, and CRP levels of the children with bronchial pneumonia may facilitate the diagnosis of severity of the disease and has significant clinical value in treatment of the disease and prediction of prognosis.