Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical value of detection of serum immunoglobulins and complements levels in children infected with enterovirus 71 hand, foot, and mouth disease so as to provide guidance for clinical test. METHODS Totally 120 children infected with enterovirus 71 hand, foot, and mouth disease who were treated in hospitals from Jan 2011 to Dec 2015 were enrolled in the study and assigned as the infection group, meanwhile, 110 healthy children who received the physical examination in the outpatient department were chosen as the control group.The levels of serum immunoglobulins IgA, IgM, and IgG as well as the levels of complements C3 and C4 were detected and compared between the two groups. RESULTSAs compared with the serum immunoglobulins, the levels of IgA and IgG of the infection group were significantly lower than those of the control group, while the level of IgM was remarkably elevated(P＜0.05).As compared with the levels of complements, the levels of C3 and C4 of the infection group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P＜0.05). CONCLUSION The children infected with enterovirus 71 hand, foot, and mouth disease are with disorder of body's immune function.It is an effective way to understand the immune function of the children through the detection of levels of serum immunoglobulins and complements so as to formulate reasonable immunotherapy programs.