Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the problems of the antimicrobial drugs used in gynecological perioperative period and their effects on the infection of surgical sites, so as to provide references for rational use of antibiotics in clinic. METHODS Using a prospective survey method, 345 cases of gynecologic abdominal hysterectomy conducted from Jan. 2011 to Dec.2011 were set as control group (before intervention) , and 308 cases of gynecologic abdominal hysterectomy conducted from Jan.2012 to Dec.2012 were set as control group (after intervention) . The infection rates of surgical sites and situation of reasonable perioperative drug usage between the two groups were compared. RESULTS There were 81 cases of patients occurred infection before intervention, accounting for 23.48%, and 18.83% of patients occurred infection after intervention. The rational rate of drug selection after intervention was higher than that before intervention, the rate of drug usage time ≤48 h after intervention was higher than that before intervention, the rational rate of drug combination after intervention was higher than that before intervention, and there were significant differences (P＜0.05). CONCLUSION After a comprehensive intervention to control the use of antimicrobial drugs in gynecological perioperative period, the use of antimicrobial drugs is basically in accordance with the norms, and the infection rate of surgery site has a downward trend. Comprehensive interventions can double the effect of antimicrobial drugs in gynecological perioperative period.