Abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate the characteristics and the direct economic losses of inpatients due to multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) nosocomial infection in a general hospital. METHODS A retrospective investigation was conducted to collect information of 1161 patients discharged with nosocimial infection and reported through the hospital infection real-time monitoring system from Jan. 2015 to Dec. 2015. The distribution characteristic of MDROs pathogens of nosocomial infection, hospitalization duration and cost were analyzed. RESULTS Among the MDROs pathogens, carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CR-AB) was dominant, with 63 strains accounting for 38.41%. The average hospitalization duration (median) of patients with MDROs nosocomial infection was 24 days, which was extended by 5 days compared with the patients without MDROs nosocomial infection (19 days), and there was significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). The average cost (median) of patients with MDROs nosocomial infection was 67456.25 yuan, which was increased by 26310.27 yuan compared with the patients without MDROs nosocomial infection (41145.98 yuan), and there was statistically difference between the two groups (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The gram-negative bacteria are dominant among the MDROs pathogens of nosocomial infection. MDROs nosocomial infection can significantly increase the hospitalization duration and cost, which brings economic losses to the patients.