Abstract: OBJECTIVE To discuss the changes and clinical significance of immune indexes and renal function indexes in streptococcal reactive arthritis patients , so as to provide references for clinical treatment. METHODS A total of 96 cases of streptococcal reactive arthritis patients from May 2013 to May 2016 were selected as observation group, and 92 cases of healthy people were selected as control group. The clinical indexes of the two groups were compared. RESULTS Compared with control group, CD₄⁺ T lymphocyte in observation group was (33.2±3.4)%, which significantly degraded(P<0.05), while CD₁₉⁺ B lymphocyte was (16.8±2.9)%, which significantly increased (P<0.05). Levels of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α and MCP-1 in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Cellular immunity has degraded while humoral immune function has enhanced in streptococcal reactive arthritis patients, with inflammatory response and impaired renal function, and clinical anti-infective therapy can be administered simultaneously comprehensive regulation therapy to reduce the incidence of complications.