Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the regulation effect of suramin on inflammatory response of septic rat, so as to provide references for clinical treatment. METHODS The 36 SD rats were divided into suramin group and control group, with 18 cases in each group, and septic rat model was established. The lung tissue and serum levels of interleukin -6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor -a (TNF-a) in the two group of rats were detected by ELISA. RESULTS After modeling, the lung tissue and serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-a in the two groups of rats were higher than those of before modeling (P<0.05). One day after modeling, the lung tissue and serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-a of suramin group were lower than those of control group (P<0.05), and 3 days after modeling, the difference of lung tissue and serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-a in the two groups was not significant. In monocytic THP-1 cells after one hour of LPS functioning, the relative expression of plκB of suramin group was lower than that of control group (P<0.05), the relative expression of P65 of suramin group was higher than that of control group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION Suramin may reduce inflammation response in septic rats, and has protective effect on acute lung injury in septic rats, its mechanism of reducing inflammation response may relate with inhibition of monocyte NF-κB activity.