Abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate the characteristics of colonization of multidrug-resistant bacteria(MDROs) in ICU patients from cancer hospital and analyze its risk factors, so as to provide references for clinical treatment. METHODS Nasal vestibular swab and anal swab specimens of 168 patients admitted to ICU from Dec. 2014 to Dec. 2015 were collected, and screened for multidrug-resistant bacteria. RESULTS Totally 116 strains of multi-resistant bacteria were isolated from 470 cases of specimens, with 114 strains of ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli isolates, 2 strains of ESBLs-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae, accounting for 98.2% and 1.7%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that, APACHE Ⅱ score admitted to ICU and the use of antibiotics before admission to ICU were the independent risk factors (P<0.05) for colonization of MDROs of patients before admission to ICU. CONCLUSION We should pay more attention to the risk factors of MDROs colonization and strengthen effective measures of MDROs to prevent nosocomial infection.