血液病患者、家属对医院感染的认知现状及干预策略调查

Cognitive status quo of nosocomial infections and intervention strategies of blood disease patients and their family members

    摘要
  • 摘要: 目的 探讨血液病患者、家属对医院感染的认知现状及干预策略,为血液病患者医院感染的预防提供参考。方法 选取2015年4月-2016年4月在医院血液科住院治疗200例血液病患者及密切照顾患者家属各1名,进行医院感染相关知识认知现状问卷调查。结果 患者对医院感染整体认知知晓率为53.00%,高于家属知晓率31.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中洗手频次、饮食卫生、探视人探视频次、探视人戴口罩、房间定期消毒等项目患者知晓率分别为82.50%、51.50%、46.50%、58.00%、80.00%,高于家属66.00%、31.50%、33.50%、46.50%、63.00%,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);患者所患疾病对患者、患者家属整体认知知晓率无明显影响,患者住院次数≤3、4~6次、＞6次时患者医院感染整体认知知晓率分别为39.23%、76.09%、83.33%,家属医院感染整体认知知晓率分别为22.31%、39.13%、62.50%,住院次数不同时对医院感染知晓率明显存在不同(P<0.05)。结论 血液病患者对医院感染的认知水平高于家属,随着患者住院次数增多患者和家属医院感染认知水平随之增高,患者每次住院时医务人员均应对患者及其家属进行医院感染相关知识及预防测量的宣教,以预防及降低医院感染发生。

     

    Abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate the cognitive status quo of nosocomial infections and intervention strategies of blood disease patients and their family members, so as to provide references for the prevention of nosocomial infections of blood disease. METHODS Total of 200 cases of blood disease patients and their family member from Apr. 2015 to Apr. 2016 were selected, and questionnaire survey was conducted on their cognitive status of nosocomial infections. RESULTS The total awareness rate of nosocomial infections of patients was 53.00%, which was higher than that of family members of 31.00% (P<0.05). The awareness rates of hand washing frequency, food hygiene, visit frequency of visitors, wearing masks of visitors, and regular disinfection of rooms of patients were 82.50%, 51.50%, 46.50%, 58.00%, and 80.00%, which were higher than those of family members of 66.00%, 31.50%, 33.50%, 46.50%, 63.00% (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the awareness rates of nosocomial infections with different diseases. The total awareness rates of patients with hospitalized times≤3, 4-6, and > 6 were 39.23%, 76.09%, and 83.33%, and of family members were 22.31%, 39.13%, and 62.50%. There were significant differences in the awareness rates of nosocomial infections with different hospitalized times (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Patients with blood disease have higher cognitive level of nosocomial infections than those of family members. As the hospitalized times increases, the cognitive level of nosocomial infections of patients and family members increases.Each time the patient is hospitalized, the medical staff should educate the patients and their family members on the knowledge and preventive measurement of nosocomial infections, in order to prevent and reduce nosocomial infections.

     

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