Abstract: OBJECTIVE To analyze the related factors of intracranial infections after endoscopic resection of pituitary tumor through nasal sphenoid, so as to provide the basis for effective prevention and control the occurrence and development of the infections. METHODS A total of 185 patients with endoscopic resection of pituitary tumor through nasal sphenoid in our hospital from Jan. 2012 to Dec. 2014 were selected as study objects. The relevant information of patients with pituitary tumors and risk factors of intracranial infections after resection were analyzed. The hospital stay and hospitalization costs of the patients with intracranial infection and the patients without intracranial infections were compared and analyzed. RESULTS In 185 patients with endoscopic resection of pituitary tumor through nasal sphenoid, there were 9 cases with intracranial infections after resection, with the infection rate of 4.86%. The factors including blood loss>120 ml, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, pre-diabetic, intraoperative use of hormones, use of antibiotics before surgery, preoperative hypopituitarism and surgical time> 4h could increase intracranial infection rate significantly (P＜0.05). Compared with the patients without intracranial infection, the hospital stay of the patients with intracranial infection was prolonged significantly, hospital costs were increased significantly (P＜0.05). CONCLUSION Intracranial infection after endoscopic resection of pituitary tumor through nasal sphenoid is influenced by many factors, and can affect the prognosis of patients, and bring certain economic burden to patients.