Abstract: OBJECTIVE To study the influence of human papillomaviral(HPV) infection on the expressions of histone deacetylase 1(HDAC1) and matrix metalloproteinase(MMPs) of patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer,so as to provide guidance for the diagnose and treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer. METHODS A total of 39 patients with cervical cancer in our hospital from Apr. 2014 to Mar. 2016 were selected as group A,39 patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia were selected as group B,39 healthy women were selected as group C,then the tissue HDAC1 and MMP indexes of the three groups were detected and compared,and expression levels of those indexes of group A and group B were compared too. RESULTS The positive rates of tissue HDAC1 and MMP-2,MMP-3,MMP-7,and MMP-9 of group A were 71.79%,66.67%,64.10%,64.10% and 66.67%,respectively, which were all higher than 38.46%,43.59%,38.46%,30.77%,35.90% of group B and 5.13%,7.69%,2.56%,2.56%,5.13% of group C,the positive rates of group B were all higher than those of group C,the positive rates of group A and group B with HPV infection were all higher than those of patients without HPV infection,and the positive rates of group B with high-grade lesion were all higher than those of patients with low-grade lesion,and the differences were all statistically significant (all P＜0.05). CONCLUSION The influence of human papillomaviral infection on the expressions of histone deacetylase 1 and matrix metalloproteinase of patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer are great,so it should pay attention to the monitoring and control of these indicators.