Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of brain derived neuroptrophic factor(BDNF)and neurokinin A (NKA)expression on the prognosis of patients with bronchial asthma complicated with tuberculosis, so as to better monitor the progress of the patients' condition, improve their prognosis, and improve their quality of life. METHODS A total of 55 case of bronchial asthma with tuberculosis patients from Jan. 2014 to Dec. 2015 in our hospital were randomly selected as observation group, and another 30 healthy adults in the hospital were selected as control group. The changes of BDNF, NKA, FEV1 and PEF of the two groups before and after treatment were observed and recorded, and the results were analyzed and compared. RESULTS BDNF level in patients with acute asthma was significantly higher than that in asthmatic patients in remission stage and control group. After treatment, BDNF levels of patients with remission and acute bronchial asthma decreased, and had statistically significant differences compared with those before treatment (P<0.05). NKA in patients with bronchial asthma in stable stage was significantly higher than that of control group, whereas in patients with acute asthma was significantly higher than patients in stable stage, and the difference of the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). The NKA levels after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment, and there were statistically significant differences (P<0.05). After treatment, the pulmonary function indexes of FEV1 and PEF of the two groups were significantly improved, and there were statistically significant differences (P<0.05) than those before treatment. CONCLUSION The levels of NKA and BDNF in bronchial asthma patients are significantly higher than those in normal persons, The levels of NKA and BDNF in bronchial asthma patients were significantly higher than those in normal subjects, which are helpful to the early diagnosis,monitoring of the disease and the better control of the disease with good prognosis.