Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of levofloxacin combined with povidone-iodine on incision infection in patients underging laparotomy so as to provide scientific basis for clinical prevention of the incision infection. METHODS A total of 300 patients who underwent the laparotomy in the hospital from Aug 2014 to Jul 2016 were enrolled in the study and divided into the observation group ( levofloxacin plus povidone-iodine) and the control group (ceftriaxone plus normal saline). The incision healing degree, infection rate, stitches removing time, length of hospital stay, white blood cell counts, and C-reactive protein level were observed and compared between the two groups of patients. RESULTS There were 143 (95.33%) cases of grade A incision healing, 3 (2.00%) cases of grade B incision healing, and 4 (2.64%) cases of grade C incision healing in the observation group; there were 126 (84.00%) cases of grade A incision healing, 15 (10.00%) cases of grade B incision healing, and 9 (6.00%) cases of grade C incision healing in the control group. The incision infection occurred in 2 cases in the observation group, with the infection rate of 1.33%; totally 2 strains of pathogens were isolated, including 1 strain of Staphylococcus aureus and 1 strain of Escherichia coli. The incision infection occurred in 19 cases in the control group, with the infection rate of 12.67%; totally 19 strains of pathogens were isolated, including 7 strains of S.aureus, 5 strains of E.coli, 2 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, 2 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and 3 strains of other species. The stitches removing time and length of hospital stay were significantly shorter in the observation group than in the control group, and there was significant difference (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the white blood cell counts or C-reactive protein level between the two groups of patients before the surgery; the white blood cell counts and C-reactive protein levels were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group after the surgery, and there was significant difference (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Levofloxacin combined with povidone-iodine has obvious advantage in prevention of the incision infection in the patients undergoing laparotomy, effectively promote the incision healing, and reduce the risk of incision infection; it is worthy to be highlighted in the hospital.