Abstract: OBJECTIV To explore the distribution of pathogens causing wound infection in patients with open fracture and analyze the anti-infection treatment of the patients so as to provide clinical basis for related treatment of the patients with open fracture. METHODS A total of 70 patients with open fracture who were treated in the hospital from Mar 2012 to Mar 2016 were enrolled in the study, then the wound specimens were collected from the patients for culture and isolation of pathogens, the distribution of the pathogens was statistically analyzed, and the drug susceptibility testing was performed. RESULTS Totally 70 strains of pathogens were isolated from the submitted specimens that were obtained from the 70 patients, including 27 (38.6%) strains of gram-positive bacteria and 43 (61.4%) strains of gram-negative bacteria; Staphylococcus aureus was dominant among the gram-positive bacteria, accounting for 18.6%; Enterobacter cloacae was the predominant species of gram-negative bacteria, accounting for 27.1%. The drug susceptibility testing showed that among the isolated gram-positive bacteria, the drug susceptibility rate of S.aureus strains to rifampicin was the highest (100.0%); the drug susceptibility rate to ampicillin was the lowest (38.4%); the drug susceptibility rate of Enterococcus faecalis to ampicillin was the highest (100.0%); the drug susceptibility rate to ceftriaxone was lowest (0.0%); the drug susceptibility rate of Staphylococcus epidermidis to ciprofloxacin was the highsest (50.0%); the drug susceptibility rate to ceftriaxone was the lowest (10.0%). Among the isolated gram-negative bacteria, the drug susceptibility rate of Acinetobacter baumannii to meropenem was the highest (100.0%) ; the drug susceptibility rate to ceftriaxone was the lowest (50.0%); the drug susceptibility rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to piperacillin was the highest (87.5%); the drug susceptibility rate to ceftriaxone was the lowest (37.5%); the drug susceptibility rate of Escherichia coli to meropenem was the highest (100.0%); the drug susceptibility rates to ceftriaxone and piperacillin were the lowest (50.0%); the drug susceptibility rate of E. cloacae to meropenem was highest (100.0%); the drug susceptibility rates to lomefloxacin and piperacillin were the lowest (68.4%). CONCLUSION The gram-negative bacteria are dominant among the pathogens causing the wound infection in the patients with open fracture, and the commonly used antibiotics show low inhibitory effect on the pathogens, therefore, it is necessary to conduct the symptomatic medication according to the status of infection so as to achieve good therapeutic effect.