Abstract: OBJECTIVE To analyze the risk factors and prognosis of patients with CAPD-related peritonitis, so as to provide evidence for clinical treatment. METHODS From Jan. 2009 to Jan. 2016, 197 patients with CAPD were chosen as study objects, and the occurrence of CAPD-related peritonitis and prognosis of patients were recorded. The risk factors and impact factors of prognosis were analyzed. RESULTS Totally 42 patients (21.32%) in 197 subjects were diagnosed with CAPD- related peritonitis, and 27 patients were single peritonitis and 15 patients were multiple peritonitis. Age＞75 years old, use of high-glucose dialysate and Alb＜30g were significantly related to peritonitis(P＜0.05). The 155 patients without peritonitis and 37 patients with peritonitis had good prognosis, while the prognosis of 5 patients with peritonitis was poor. Age＞75 years old, multiple peritonitis, Alb＜25g/L and Hb＜80g/L were significantly related to poor prognosis of patients with peritonitis(P＜0.05). CONCLUSION CAPD-related peritonitis and poor prognosis are associated with multiple factors, and it is of great significance to improve the prognosis of patients by treatment of anemia and hypoproteinemia, and prevention of iatrogenic electrolyte/metabolic disorders.