Abstract: OBJECTIVE To analyze the risk factors of postoperative infection in gynecological tumor patients, and to provide guidence for the prevention of postoperative infection and reduce the infection rate. METHODS A total of 122 cases of gynecological tumor patients admitted to hospital from Feb. 2013 to Apr. 2016 were selected, and the infection sites, infection rates of different infection sites and risk factors of infection in the patients after operation were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS A total of 24 cases of patients occurred postoperative infection, with the infection rate of 19.67%, including 12 cases of urinary tract infection (50%), 6 cases of respiratory tract infection (25%), 3 cases of reproductive tract infection (12.50%), 2 cases of incision infection (8.33%), and 1 case of gastrointestinal tract infection (4.17%) respectively. The infection rates of patients aged ＞60y, the duration of operation longer than 2h, with diabetes, open surgery, without antibiotics after operation, and using indwelling catheter were 31.64%, 38.64%, 42.42%, 26.67%, 53.57%, and 24.18% respectively, which were significant higher than 14.94%, 8.97%, 11.24%, 8.51%, 9.57%, and 6.45% of patients aged ≤60y, the duration of operation no more than 2h, without diabetes, laparoscopic surgery, using antibiotics after operation, and without indwelling catheter, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). CONCLUSION Older age, longer duration of operation, with diabetes mellitus, open surgery, without antibiotics after operation, and using indwelling catheter are important risk factors leading to postoperative infection in patients with gynecological tumors.