Abstract: OBJECTIV To investigate the status of use of antibiotics of the patients with upper respiratory tract infection in emergency medicine department from 2012 to 2015 so as to provide guidance for treatment of the upper respiratory tract infection. METHODS A total of 300 prescriptions for the emergency medicine department patients with upper respiratory tract infection were randomly extracted in each year from Jan 2012 to Dec 2015. The utilization rate of antibiotics, application modes, combined use of antibiotics, and unreasonable use of antibiotics were statistically analyzed and compared. RESULTS Among the 300 prescriptions that were extracted from Jan 2012 to Dec 2012, the utilization rate of antibiotics was 92.00%. Among the 300 prescriptions that were extracted from Jan 2013 to Dec 2013, the utilization rate of antibiotics was 80.67%. Among the 300 prescriptions that were extracted from Jan 2014 to Dec 2014, the utilization rate of antibiotics was 70.00%. Among the 300 prescriptions that were extracted from Jan 2015 to Dec 2015, the utilization rate of antibiotics was 62.33%. The utilization rate of antibiotics was decreased year by year, the rate of combined use of antibiotics and rate of unreasonable use of antibiotics were also remarkably reduced. The rate of combined use of antibiotics was lower than the rate of single use of antibiotic, and the rate of intravenous drug administration was lower than the rate of other modes of drug administrations (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The utilization rate of antibiotics, rate of combined use of antibiotics, and rate of unreasonable use of antibiotics of the patients with upper respiratory tract infection are decreased step by step in the emergency medicine department, and it is necessary to take targeted interventions due to the certain characteristics of the drug administration mode.