Abstract: OBJECTIV To investigate the bacteriological characteristics of postoperative wound infections in open fracture patients and analyze the resistance to antibiotics so as to provide guidance for clinical treatment. METHODS A total of 232 open fracture patients with postoperative wound infections who were treated in the hospital from May 2014 to Jul 2016 were enrolled in the study. The wound secretions were collected from the patients for bacterial culture and identification, the incidence of wound infections was investigated, the drug susceptibility testing was performed for isolated bacteria, the bacteriological characteristics of the wound infections and resistance to antibiotics were observed, and the statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS The bacterial culture showed positive in 211 of 232 patients, with the isolation rate of bacteria 90.9%. Totally 296 strains of pathogens were isolated from all of the specimens, of which 61.8% were gram-negative bacteria, 33.4% were gram-positive bacteria, and 4.7% were fungi. Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ranked the top 3 species of pathogens isolated from the patients with wound infections, accounting for 18.6%, 17.2%, and 15.2%, respectively. The result of the drug susceptibility testing for the major species of pathogens showed that the drug resistance rate to penicillin was the highest (more than 75% ) and the drug resistance rate to vancomycin was the lowest (less than 2% ), followed by imipenem. CONCLUSION The gram-negative bacteria are dominant among the pathogens causing the postoperative wound infections in the open fracture patients; the isolation rates of E.coli, S.aureus, P.aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the highest; the drug resistance rate is highest to penicillin and lowest to vancomycin. Therefore, it is necessary for the clinicians to formulate rational drug administration programs based on the results of bacterial culture and drug susceptibility testing so as to effectively control the infections.