Abstract: OBJECTIV To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in 40 patients with lower respiratory tract infections in the department of gastroenterology, so as to provide objective basis for the formulation of effective prevention and control measures. METHODS A total of 40 cases of patients with lower respiratory tract infections in the department of gastroenterology from Mar. 2015 to Aug. 2016 were selected as observation group, and 50 cases of patients without infection in the department of gastroenterology were selected as control group. The distribution of pathogenic bacteria in the lower respiratory tract secretions of the patients in observation group were detected. The hospitalization time, hospitalization costs and cure and discharge rate of the patients in the two groups were observed and compared. RESULTS A total of 10 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated, including gram-negative bacteria, gram-positive bacteria, and fungi, accounting for 60%, 10% and 30%, and Klebsiella pneumoniae was the main pathogenic bacteria, accounting for 30%. The hospitalization time, hospitalization costs of the patients in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group, the cure and discharge rate was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The distribution of pathogenic bacteria of the patients with lower respiratory tract infections in the department of gastroenterology has some characteristics. The clinical medical staff should pay more attention and take effective preventive measures.