Abstract: OBJECTIV To observe the effect of percutaneous nephrolithotomy on stress hormone secretion in patients with infectious kidney stones, and analyze its therapeutic value. METHODS A total of 89 patients of infectious nephrolithiasis with percutaneous nephroscope ultrasound lithotripsy from Oct. 2013 to Aug. 2015 in our hospital were retrospectively chosen as ultrasound group, and another 89 infectious stones patients with airway crushed stone treatment at the same period were chosen as airway pressure group. The changes of serum stress hormones and stress inflammatory indexes of the two groups before and after treatment were observed, and the curative effect and complication between the two groups were compared. RESULTS The mean operative time(69.72 ± 9.58) min, postoperative hospital stay(6.82 ± 1.29) days and intraoperative bleeding(75.26 ± 15.64) ml of ultrasound group were significantly lower than those of control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of Ang-Ⅱ(52.27±3.54)pg/ml, ACTH(26.17±2.97)pg/ml, NE(275.08±23.01)ng/ml, Cor(171.65±9.54)ng/ml, AD(0.23±0.09)ng/ml, PCT(23.45±0.56)μg/ml, IL-6(9.52±1.64)pg/ml, hs-CRP(7.69±1.89)mg/L, and NO(12.21±1.31)μmol/L were significantly lower than those of control group (P<0.05). The clinical efficacy of ultrasound group (88.76%) was significantly higher than 66.29% of control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05). CONCLUSION Percutaneous nephrolithotomy with ultrasonic lithotripsy is a safe and effective method for the treatment of infectious nephrolithiasis, and it is with high exhaustion rate and rapid postoperative recovery, and has little effect on patients' stress indicators.