Abstract: OBJECTIV Pulmonary cryptococcosis is a kind of acute, subacute, or chronic fungal infection caused by the inhalation of cryptococcus spores, which is easy to disseminate to the central nervous system to cause cryptococcal meningoencephalitis. The disease leads to a high mortality and morbidity. Recent study data showed that the incidence of pulmonary cryptococcosis kept an upward trend. Pulmonary cryptococcosis is likely to be readily delayed in diagnosis or misdiagnosed owing to lack of specificity of clinical symptoms and imaging manifestation. The aim of this article is to review the epidemiological, clinical, and radiological characteristics as well as diagnosis and treatment of the pulmonary cryptococcosis so as to boost the clinicians' awareness of diagnosis and treatment of the disease.